Maritime Pollution in Pakistan and Its Impact on Marine Life: Challenges and Way Forward

Hamna Ghias Sheikh; Gul Hameed

doi:doi:10.11648/j.wros.20241303.13

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Maritime Pollution in Pakistan and Its Impact on Marine Life: Challenges and Way Forward

Hamna Ghias Sheikh^*

, Gul Hameed

Published in Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science (Volume 13, Issue 3)

Received: 7 July 2024 Accepted: 31 July 2024 Published: 20 August 2024

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Abstract

Marine pollution is a major threat to marine biodiversity, ecosystems and socio-economic conditions of coastal communities in Pakistan. Driven by industrial, agricultural and plastic pollution, mounting levels of marine pollution are largely resulting in habitat destruction, biodiversity loss and difficulties in conduct of subsistence activities. Lack of waste management system and public awareness further compound the problem. The present study gives a comprehensive analysis of marine pollution, its sources, types and mechanism as well as the damage is does to marine environment. The study also examines existing domestic and international legislation on marine pollution eradication and puts forth recommendations in the form of both short and long terms measures for pollution mitigation in Pakistan. The study also emphasizes the need to sensitize public attention on this pressing issue and advocates awareness campaigns regarding oil spill response preparedness, investment in resilient infrastructure and plastic pollution eradication initiatives. Long term measures stem from analysis of several case studies of island countries. These measures include protection of critical infrastructure, ecosystem conservation as well as increased research and development. Effective implementation of these measures can help Pakistan transition into a sustainable and secure future.

Published in	Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science (Volume 13, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.wros.20241303.13
Page(s)	84-93
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Marine Pollution, Pakistan, Karachi Harbour, Industrial Waste, Agricultural Pollutants, Plastic Pollution, Subsistence Activities, International Legislation, Long Term Measures

References

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APA Style

Sheikh, H. G., Hameed, G. (2024). Maritime Pollution in Pakistan and Its Impact on Marine Life: Challenges and Way Forward. Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science, 13(3), 84-93. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20241303.13

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ACS Style

Sheikh, H. G.; Hameed, G. Maritime Pollution in Pakistan and Its Impact on Marine Life: Challenges and Way Forward. J. Water Resour. Ocean Sci. 2024, 13(3), 84-93. doi: 10.11648/j.wros.20241303.13

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AMA Style

Sheikh HG, Hameed G. Maritime Pollution in Pakistan and Its Impact on Marine Life: Challenges and Way Forward. J Water Resour Ocean Sci. 2024;13(3):84-93. doi: 10.11648/j.wros.20241303.13

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@article{10.11648/j.wros.20241303.13,
  author = {Hamna Ghias Sheikh and Gul Hameed},
  title = {Maritime Pollution in Pakistan and Its Impact on Marine Life: Challenges and Way Forward
},
  journal = {Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science},
  volume = {13},
  number = {3},
  pages = {84-93},
  doi = {10.11648/j.wros.20241303.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20241303.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.wros.20241303.13},
  abstract = {Marine pollution is a major threat to marine biodiversity, ecosystems and socio-economic conditions of coastal communities in Pakistan. Driven by industrial, agricultural and plastic pollution, mounting levels of marine pollution are largely resulting in habitat destruction, biodiversity loss and difficulties in conduct of subsistence activities. Lack of waste management system and public awareness further compound the problem. The present study gives a comprehensive analysis of marine pollution, its sources, types and mechanism as well as the damage is does to marine environment. The study also examines existing domestic and international legislation on marine pollution eradication and puts forth recommendations in the form of both short and long terms measures for pollution mitigation in Pakistan. The study also emphasizes the need to sensitize public attention on this pressing issue and advocates awareness campaigns regarding oil spill response preparedness, investment in resilient infrastructure and plastic pollution eradication initiatives. Long term measures stem from analysis of several case studies of island countries. These measures include protection of critical infrastructure, ecosystem conservation as well as increased research and development. Effective implementation of these measures can help Pakistan transition into a sustainable and secure future.
},
 year = {2024}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Maritime Pollution in Pakistan and Its Impact on Marine Life: Challenges and Way Forward

AU  - Hamna Ghias Sheikh
AU  - Gul Hameed
Y1  - 2024/08/20
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20241303.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.wros.20241303.13
T2  - Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science
JF  - Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science
JO  - Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science
SP  - 84
EP  - 93
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7993
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20241303.13
AB  - Marine pollution is a major threat to marine biodiversity, ecosystems and socio-economic conditions of coastal communities in Pakistan. Driven by industrial, agricultural and plastic pollution, mounting levels of marine pollution are largely resulting in habitat destruction, biodiversity loss and difficulties in conduct of subsistence activities. Lack of waste management system and public awareness further compound the problem. The present study gives a comprehensive analysis of marine pollution, its sources, types and mechanism as well as the damage is does to marine environment. The study also examines existing domestic and international legislation on marine pollution eradication and puts forth recommendations in the form of both short and long terms measures for pollution mitigation in Pakistan. The study also emphasizes the need to sensitize public attention on this pressing issue and advocates awareness campaigns regarding oil spill response preparedness, investment in resilient infrastructure and plastic pollution eradication initiatives. Long term measures stem from analysis of several case studies of island countries. These measures include protection of critical infrastructure, ecosystem conservation as well as increased research and development. Effective implementation of these measures can help Pakistan transition into a sustainable and secure future.

VL  - 13
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Hamna Ghias Sheikh

Maritime Center of Excellence, Pakistan Navy War College, Lahore, Pakistan

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0009-8894-1051
Gul Hameed

Maritime Center of Excellence, Pakistan Navy War College, Lahore, Pakistan

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0002-1508-1037

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Sheikh, H. G., Hameed, G. (2024). Maritime Pollution in Pakistan and Its Impact on Marine Life: Challenges and Way Forward. Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science, 13(3), 84-93. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20241303.13

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ACS Style

Sheikh, H. G.; Hameed, G. Maritime Pollution in Pakistan and Its Impact on Marine Life: Challenges and Way Forward. J. Water Resour. Ocean Sci. 2024, 13(3), 84-93. doi: 10.11648/j.wros.20241303.13

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AMA Style

Sheikh HG, Hameed G. Maritime Pollution in Pakistan and Its Impact on Marine Life: Challenges and Way Forward. J Water Resour Ocean Sci. 2024;13(3):84-93. doi: 10.11648/j.wros.20241303.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.wros.20241303.13,
  author = {Hamna Ghias Sheikh and Gul Hameed},
  title = {Maritime Pollution in Pakistan and Its Impact on Marine Life: Challenges and Way Forward
},
  journal = {Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science},
  volume = {13},
  number = {3},
  pages = {84-93},
  doi = {10.11648/j.wros.20241303.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20241303.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.wros.20241303.13},
  abstract = {Marine pollution is a major threat to marine biodiversity, ecosystems and socio-economic conditions of coastal communities in Pakistan. Driven by industrial, agricultural and plastic pollution, mounting levels of marine pollution are largely resulting in habitat destruction, biodiversity loss and difficulties in conduct of subsistence activities. Lack of waste management system and public awareness further compound the problem. The present study gives a comprehensive analysis of marine pollution, its sources, types and mechanism as well as the damage is does to marine environment. The study also examines existing domestic and international legislation on marine pollution eradication and puts forth recommendations in the form of both short and long terms measures for pollution mitigation in Pakistan. The study also emphasizes the need to sensitize public attention on this pressing issue and advocates awareness campaigns regarding oil spill response preparedness, investment in resilient infrastructure and plastic pollution eradication initiatives. Long term measures stem from analysis of several case studies of island countries. These measures include protection of critical infrastructure, ecosystem conservation as well as increased research and development. Effective implementation of these measures can help Pakistan transition into a sustainable and secure future.
},
 year = {2024}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Maritime Pollution in Pakistan and Its Impact on Marine Life: Challenges and Way Forward

AU  - Hamna Ghias Sheikh
AU  - Gul Hameed
Y1  - 2024/08/20
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20241303.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.wros.20241303.13
T2  - Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science
JF  - Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science
JO  - Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science
SP  - 84
EP  - 93
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7993
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20241303.13
AB  - Marine pollution is a major threat to marine biodiversity, ecosystems and socio-economic conditions of coastal communities in Pakistan. Driven by industrial, agricultural and plastic pollution, mounting levels of marine pollution are largely resulting in habitat destruction, biodiversity loss and difficulties in conduct of subsistence activities. Lack of waste management system and public awareness further compound the problem. The present study gives a comprehensive analysis of marine pollution, its sources, types and mechanism as well as the damage is does to marine environment. The study also examines existing domestic and international legislation on marine pollution eradication and puts forth recommendations in the form of both short and long terms measures for pollution mitigation in Pakistan. The study also emphasizes the need to sensitize public attention on this pressing issue and advocates awareness campaigns regarding oil spill response preparedness, investment in resilient infrastructure and plastic pollution eradication initiatives. Long term measures stem from analysis of several case studies of island countries. These measures include protection of critical infrastructure, ecosystem conservation as well as increased research and development. Effective implementation of these measures can help Pakistan transition into a sustainable and secure future.

VL  - 13
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download