Research Article | | Peer-Reviewed

The Absolute Age First Determination of the 3rd Terrace Deposits from Transilvania, Using Optically Stimulated Luminescence Method

Received: 14 August 2024     Accepted: 12 September 2024     Published: 26 September 2024
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

For determining the absolute age of the terrace deposits, a geomorphosite located on the left side of Someşul Mare river, southeast of Rebrişoara was selected, which includes a fragment of the tread of the 3rd terrace (20-21 m relative altitude) and the cuesta slope, facing north the Făgetului Hills. The question regarding the age of fluvial terraces has been long debated in Romanian geomorphological literature age since the beginning of the 20th century. Many geomorphologists have carried out studies wherein the question of the age of the terraces, both inside the Carpathian curvature and outside, was raised. Most of the studies carried out for the terraces on the rivers of the Transylvanian Basin indicated the age of the 3rd terrace as Wurmian. Until recently, most assumptions related to the age of the terraces were based on the correlation between terraces and/or by dating the paleontological fossils discovered in the terrace deposits. Recent studies, on the other hand, use high-precision methods to determine the ages of terrace formations. Researchers, use methods like the Infrared-stimulated luminescence dating (IRSL) and SAR-OSL (Optically Stimulated Luminescence). Within this context, the present study focuses on the attempt to determine the age of the 3rd terrace in the corridor of the Someșul Mare river. In the alluvial formations of this terrace, two geologic drillings were carried out from where several samples were collected. They were subjected to OSL analysis at the Luminescence Dating Laboratory, Department of Geoinformatics, Physical and Environmental Geography, University of Szeged, Hungary. The results showed an older age of the 3rd terrace than it has been believed until now.

Published in Earth Sciences (Volume 13, Issue 5)
DOI 10.11648/j.earth.20241305.11
Page(s) 182-192
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Optically Stimulated Luminescence, 3rd Terrace, Fluvial Terrace Deposits, Transylvanian Basin

References
[1] Adamiec G., Aitken M. 1998. Dose rate conversion factors: update. Ancient TL, 16/2: 37-49.
[2] Armaş, Iuliana, Necea, Diana, Miclăuş, Crina (2018), Fluvial terrace formation and controls in the Lower River Danube, SE Romania, in Quaternary International, Elsevier.
[3] Atanasiu, L. (1951-1952), Geologia regiunii Fântânele-Mureşenii Bârgăului (Năsăud), D. S. Com. Geol., XXXIX.
[4] Băcăuanu, V. (1984), Consideraţii geomorfologice asupra repartiţiei monolaterale alternative a teraselor fluviale din Podişul Moldovei, Lucr. Sem. geogr. “Dimitrie Cantemir”, 4 (1983).
[5] Badea, L. (1967), Subcarpaţii dintre Cerna Olteţului şi Gilort. Studiu geomorphologic, Edit. Acad., Bucureşti.
[6] Badea, L. (1983), Terasele fluviale, Geografia României, vol I, Edit. Acad. R. S. R., Bucureşti.
[7] Bălescu, S., Lamothe, M., Panaiotu, C., Panaiotu, C. (2010), La chronologie IRSL des séquences loessiques de l'est de la Roumanie. Quaternaire 21(2), 115–126.
[8] Böse et al. (2012), Quaternary Glaciations of Northern Europe, Quaternary Science Reviews (44): 17, CiteSeerX 10.1.1.734.1691.
[9] Brătescu, C. (1941), Contribuţii la cunoaşterea văii Nistrului, B. S. R. R. G., LIX.
[10] Burbank, D. W., Anderson, R. S. (2001) Tectonic Geomorphology. Blackwell Science, Massachusetts, USA, p. 274.
[11] Buylaert J. P., Jain M., Murray A. S., Thomsen K. J., Thiel C., Sohbati, R. (2012): A robust feldspar luminescence dating method for Middle and Late Pleistocene sediments. Boreas, 41(3), 435–451.
[12] Ciocârdel, R. (1948-1949), Contribuţii la cunoaşterea geologiei regiunii Bistriţa-Reghin, D. S. Instit. Geol. Rom., XXXVI.
[13] De Clercq, M., Missiaen, T., Walliga, J., Hurtado, Z. O., Versendal, A., Mathys, M., De Batist, M., (2018), A well-preserved Eemian incised-valley fill in the southern North Sea Basin, Belgian Continental Shelf - Coastal Plain: Implications for northwest European landscape evolution, in Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 43(9).
[14] Dodson, J. (ed.), (2010), Earth Systems and Society, New York, London, etc., Springer.
[15] Fuchs, H., Konya, I. (1967), Noi fosile de rinocer lânos (Coelodonta antiquitatis Blumenbach) din cuaternarul Târnavei Mici, Studii şi Materiale II, Muzeul Judeţea, Târgu Mureş.
[16] Galbraith, R. F., Roberts, R. G., Laslett, G. M., Yoshida, H. and Olley, J. M. (1999), Optical dating of single and multiple grains of quartz from Jinmium rock shelter, northern Australia: part I, exp erimental design and statistical models, Archaeometry, 41, 339 -364.
[17] Gârbacea, V. (2015), Dealurile Bistriţei şi Gurghiului, Presa Universitară Clujeană.
[18] Gârbacea, V. (1957), Terasele Bistriţei ardelene şi ale Şieului, Bul. Univ. “Babeş-Bolyai”, Şt. nat., I, 1-2.
[19] Haoran, Z, Xiao, F., Zaijun, L, Yujie, G, Xisoping, Y. (2022), Multi-method pIRIR dating of sedimentary sequences at the southern edge of the Gurbantunggut Desert, NW China and its paleoenvironmental implications, Quaternary Geochronology, vol. 70, 101300, Elsevier.
[20] Jakab, S. (2007), Chrono-toposequences of soilon the river terraces in Transylvania (Romania), in Catena 71, 406-410.
[21] Kren, Fr. (1940), Das Nösnerland als Lebentsraum einer deutschen Volkgruppe in Siebenbürgen eine länderkundliche untersuchung, Geogr. Jaresbericht aus Österreich, 22, Wien.
[22] Liritzis, I., Stamoulis, K., Papachristodoulou, C., and Ioannides, K. (2013): A re-evaluation of radiation dose-rate conversion factors. Mediterranean Archaeology and Archaeometry, Vol. 13, No 3, pp. 1-15 Copyright.
[23] Litt, Th., Behre K. E., Meyer K. D, Stephan, H. J., Wansa, S. (2007), T. Litt im Auftrag der Deutschen Stratigraphischen Kommission (ed.), "Stratigraphische Begriffe für das Quartär des norddeutschen Vereisungsgebietes", Stratigraphie von Deutschland – Quartär. Special Issue. Eiszeitalter und Gegenwart/Quaternary Science Journal (in German), vol. 56, No. 1/2, Stuttgart: E. Schweizerbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung (Nägele und Obermiller), pp. 7–65.
[24] Lokrantz, Hanna; Sohlenius, G. (2006), Ice marginal fluctuations during the Weichselian glaciation in Fennoscandia, a literature review (Technical Report TR-06-36), Stockholm: Svensk Kärnbränslehantering AB (Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Co).
[25] Mac, I. (1972), Subcarpaţii transilvăneni dintre Mureş şi Olt, Studiu geomorfologic, Ed. Acad., Bucureşti.
[26] Mihăilescu, V. (1939), Quelques notes sur les terrasses de rivières en Roumanie, Rev. Geogr. Rom., II, 1.
[27] Morariu, T, Gârbacea, V. (1960), Terasele râurilor din Transilvania, Com. Acad., X, 6.
[28] Morariu, T., Mihăilescu, V., Rădulescu, I., Grumăzescu, A., Badea, L., Gârbacea, V. (1960), Le stade actuel des recherches concernant les terraces fluviales dans la R. P. Roumanie, in vol. Recueil d’études géogr., concernant le territoire de la R. P. Roumanie, Edit. Acad., Bucharest.
[29] Morariu, T., Donisă, I. (1968), Terasele fluviale din România, St. cerc. geol., geof., geogr., seria geogr., 1.
[30] Murray A. S., Wintle A. G. (2000): Luminescence dating using an improved single-aliquot regenerative-dose protocol. Radiation Measurements 32, 57-73 pp.
[31] Murray A. S. és Wintle A. G. (2003): The single aliquot regenerative dose protocol: Potential for improvements in reliability. Radiation Measurements 37(4), 377-381 pp.
[32] Necea, Diana, Fielitz W, Kadereit A., Andriessen, P. A. M., Dinu, C. (2013), Middle Pleistocene to Holocene fluvial terrace development and uplift-driven valley incision in the SE Carpathians, Romania, in Tectonophysics, Elsevier, pp. 332-354.
[33] Past Interglacials Working Group of PAGES, 2016. Interglacials of the last 800.000 years, Rev. Geophys. 54, 162-219.
[34] Pendea, I. F. (2005), Paleomediile geomorfologice ale Cuaternarului superior în Depresiunea Transilvaniei (Eemian-Weichselian). PhD thesis, unpublished.
[35] Pop, Gh. (1961), Rolul variaţiilor climatice postglaciare şi formarea teraselor inferioare pe valea Someşului Cald, Studia “UBB”, Cercet. geol.-geogr., 1.
[36] Popescu, N., Ielenicz, M., Posea, Gr. (1973), Terasele din România, in Realizări în geografia României, Edit. Ştiinţifică, Bucharest.
[37] Posea, Gr. (1961), Profil periglaciar la Floreşti, Com. Acad., 11, 1.
[38] Posea, Gr., Popescu, N., Ielenicz, M. (1974), Relieful României, Edit. Ştiinţifică, Bucharest.
[39] Prescott J. R., Hutton J. T. 1994. Cosmic ray contributions to dose rates for luminescence and ESR dating: large depths and long-term variations. Radiation Measurements, 23: 497-500.
[40] Savu, Al., Mac, I, Tudoran, P. (1970), Aspecte privind geneza şi vârsta teraselor din Transilvania, în Realizări în Geografia României, Culegeri de studii, Ed. Şt., Bucureşti.
[41] Schirmer, W. (1995), Quaternary field trips in central Europe, Volume 1, Pfeil.
[42] Savu, Al., Clichici, O., Dragos, I. (1970), Contribuţii la problema vârstei teraselor Someşului Mare, SUBB – geogr, XV, 2.
[43] Savu, Al., Mac, I., Tudoran, P. (1973), Aspecte privind geneza şi vârsta teraselor din Transilvania, în vol. Realizări în Geografia României, Culegere de studii, Edit. ştiinţifică, Bucureşti.
[44] Shackleton, N. J. Sánchez-Goñi, Maria Fernanda, Pailler, Delphine, Lancelot, Y. (2003),"Marine Isotope Substage 5e and the Eemian Interglacial", Global and Planetary Change, 36(3), 151–155, 2003,
[45] Spirescu, M. (1970), Loessuri şi soluri fosile, STE, Seria C, Pedol., VI, IG.
[46] N. J. Sánchez-Goñi, Maria Fernanda, Pailler, Delphine, Lancelot, Y. (2003),"Marine Isotope Substage 5e and the Eemian Interglacial", Global and Planetary Change, 36(3), 151–155. 2003,
[47] Thiel C., Buylaert J., Murray A., Terhorst B., Hofer I., Tsukamoto S., Frechen M. (2011): Luminescence dating of the Stratzing loess profile (Austria) Testing the potential of a levated temperature post-IR IRSL protocol. Quaternary International, 234(1–2), 23–31 pp.
[48] Tooth, S., 2013. Luminescence, geomorphological processes. In: Rink, W., Thompson, J. (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Scientific Dating Methods. Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 470–475.
[49] Tornqvist, T. E., Wallinga, J., Murray, A. S., de Wolf, H., Cleveringa, P. and de Gans, W. (2000), Response of the Rhine-Meuse system (west-central Netherlands) to the last Quaternaryglacio-eustatic cycles: a first assessment. Global and Planetary Change, 27(1-4): 89-111. 2000,
[50] Wintle A. G., Murray A. S. 2006. A review of quartz optically stimulated luminescence characteristics and their relevance in single-aliquot regeneration dating protocols. Radiation Measurements 41: 369-391.
[51] Subcommission on Quaternary Stratigraphy, global chronostratigraphical correlation table for the last 2.7 My, 2011.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Achiles, G. V., Liviu-Ioan, B., Nicolaie, H. (2024). The Absolute Age First Determination of the 3rd Terrace Deposits from Transilvania, Using Optically Stimulated Luminescence Method. Earth Sciences, 13(5), 182-192. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20241305.11

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Achiles, G. V.; Liviu-Ioan, B.; Nicolaie, H. The Absolute Age First Determination of the 3rd Terrace Deposits from Transilvania, Using Optically Stimulated Luminescence Method. Earth Sci. 2024, 13(5), 182-192. doi: 10.11648/j.earth.20241305.11

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Achiles GV, Liviu-Ioan B, Nicolaie H. The Absolute Age First Determination of the 3rd Terrace Deposits from Transilvania, Using Optically Stimulated Luminescence Method. Earth Sci. 2024;13(5):182-192. doi: 10.11648/j.earth.20241305.11

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.earth.20241305.11,
      author = {Garbacea Virgil Achiles and Buzila Liviu-Ioan and Hodor Nicolaie},
      title = {The Absolute Age First Determination of the 3rd Terrace Deposits from Transilvania, Using Optically Stimulated Luminescence Method
    },
      journal = {Earth Sciences},
      volume = {13},
      number = {5},
      pages = {182-192},
      doi = {10.11648/j.earth.20241305.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20241305.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.earth.20241305.11},
      abstract = {For determining the absolute age of the terrace deposits, a geomorphosite located on the left side of Someşul Mare river, southeast of Rebrişoara was selected, which includes a fragment of the tread of the 3rd terrace (20-21 m relative altitude) and the cuesta slope, facing north the Făgetului Hills. The question regarding the age of fluvial terraces has been long debated in Romanian geomorphological literature age since the beginning of the 20th century. Many geomorphologists have carried out studies wherein the question of the age of the terraces, both inside the Carpathian curvature and outside, was raised. Most of the studies carried out for the terraces on the rivers of the Transylvanian Basin indicated the age of the 3rd terrace as Wurmian. Until recently, most assumptions related to the age of the terraces were based on the correlation between terraces and/or by dating the paleontological fossils discovered in the terrace deposits. Recent studies, on the other hand, use high-precision methods to determine the ages of terrace formations. Researchers, use methods like the Infrared-stimulated luminescence dating (IRSL) and SAR-OSL (Optically Stimulated Luminescence). Within this context, the present study focuses on the attempt to determine the age of the 3rd terrace in the corridor of the Someșul Mare river. In the alluvial formations of this terrace, two geologic drillings were carried out from where several samples were collected. They were subjected to OSL analysis at the Luminescence Dating Laboratory, Department of Geoinformatics, Physical and Environmental Geography, University of Szeged, Hungary. The results showed an older age of the 3rd terrace than it has been believed until now.
    },
     year = {2024}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - The Absolute Age First Determination of the 3rd Terrace Deposits from Transilvania, Using Optically Stimulated Luminescence Method
    
    AU  - Garbacea Virgil Achiles
    AU  - Buzila Liviu-Ioan
    AU  - Hodor Nicolaie
    Y1  - 2024/09/26
    PY  - 2024
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20241305.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.earth.20241305.11
    T2  - Earth Sciences
    JF  - Earth Sciences
    JO  - Earth Sciences
    SP  - 182
    EP  - 192
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2328-5982
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20241305.11
    AB  - For determining the absolute age of the terrace deposits, a geomorphosite located on the left side of Someşul Mare river, southeast of Rebrişoara was selected, which includes a fragment of the tread of the 3rd terrace (20-21 m relative altitude) and the cuesta slope, facing north the Făgetului Hills. The question regarding the age of fluvial terraces has been long debated in Romanian geomorphological literature age since the beginning of the 20th century. Many geomorphologists have carried out studies wherein the question of the age of the terraces, both inside the Carpathian curvature and outside, was raised. Most of the studies carried out for the terraces on the rivers of the Transylvanian Basin indicated the age of the 3rd terrace as Wurmian. Until recently, most assumptions related to the age of the terraces were based on the correlation between terraces and/or by dating the paleontological fossils discovered in the terrace deposits. Recent studies, on the other hand, use high-precision methods to determine the ages of terrace formations. Researchers, use methods like the Infrared-stimulated luminescence dating (IRSL) and SAR-OSL (Optically Stimulated Luminescence). Within this context, the present study focuses on the attempt to determine the age of the 3rd terrace in the corridor of the Someșul Mare river. In the alluvial formations of this terrace, two geologic drillings were carried out from where several samples were collected. They were subjected to OSL analysis at the Luminescence Dating Laboratory, Department of Geoinformatics, Physical and Environmental Geography, University of Szeged, Hungary. The results showed an older age of the 3rd terrace than it has been believed until now.
    
    VL  - 13
    IS  - 5
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Sections