Fe-doped TiO2 nanoparticles (F-T NPs) were synthesized using the sol-gel method where different molar concentrations (0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 10%) of Iron (iii) nitrate were added to a constant amount of the metal precursor TetraisopropylOrthotitanate (TTIP) solution, the solvent precursor ethanol and refluxing agent diethanolamine at the ratios of 1:6:1 respectively. The gel formed was annealed at 500°C in a muffle furnace for 2h. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) showed Fe-O symmetrical stretching vibration for the 5% doping and above and Ti-O-Fe asymmetrical stretching vibration at wavenumber 668 cm-1 and 1033cm-1, respectively. Fe-O stretching vibration confirms substitution doping. The crystallite size was calculated using the Debye Scherer equation; 2% F-T NPs had the largest crystallite size at 16.45 nm, and 7% F-T NPs had the least size at 10.95 nm, a decrease of 2.80 nm from the 0% F-T NPs. X-ray diffraction spectra showed a merging of peaks at planes 105 and 211. The peak at plane 204 is found to diminish, and the growth of another peak at 2θ (64.28°). Optical analysis was studied using UV-Vis, where the Tauc plot estimated the calculated band gap (Eg). It was the least at 7% F-T NPs with a value of 4.41 eV, and 5% F-T NPs were found to have the highest value of 4.86 eV.% Transmittance is directly proportional to the optical band gap. Scanning Electron Microscope showed improved agglomeration and aggregation with a dense and smooth particle. Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy confirmed the presence of Fe, Ti, and O in the F-T NPs.
| Published in | Advances in Materials (Volume 13, Issue 2) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.am.20241302.11 |
| Page(s) | 20-30 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
F-T NPs, Doping, Band Gap, DSSC, Crystallite Size, Optical Properties
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APA Style
Gakuru, S. W., Kiprotich, S., Waithaka, P. (2024). Structural and Optical Properties of Fe Doped Tio2 Nanoparticles: Investigation of Effects of Different Doping Concentration. Advances in Materials, 13(2), 20-30. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20241302.11
ACS Style
Gakuru, S. W.; Kiprotich, S.; Waithaka, P. Structural and Optical Properties of Fe Doped Tio2 Nanoparticles: Investigation of Effects of Different Doping Concentration. Adv. Mater. 2024, 13(2), 20-30. doi: 10.11648/j.am.20241302.11
AMA Style
Gakuru SW, Kiprotich S, Waithaka P. Structural and Optical Properties of Fe Doped Tio2 Nanoparticles: Investigation of Effects of Different Doping Concentration. Adv Mater. 2024;13(2):20-30. doi: 10.11648/j.am.20241302.11
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Download@article{10.11648/j.am.20241302.11,
author = {Simon Waweru Gakuru and Sharon Kiprotich and Peter Waithaka},
title = {Structural and Optical Properties of Fe Doped Tio2 Nanoparticles: Investigation of Effects of Different Doping Concentration
},
journal = {Advances in Materials},
volume = {13},
number = {2},
pages = {20-30},
doi = {10.11648/j.am.20241302.11},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20241302.11},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.am.20241302.11},
abstract = {Fe-doped TiO2 nanoparticles (F-T NPs) were synthesized using the sol-gel method where different molar concentrations (0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 10%) of Iron (iii) nitrate were added to a constant amount of the metal precursor TetraisopropylOrthotitanate (TTIP) solution, the solvent precursor ethanol and refluxing agent diethanolamine at the ratios of 1:6:1 respectively. The gel formed was annealed at 500°C in a muffle furnace for 2h. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) showed Fe-O symmetrical stretching vibration for the 5% doping and above and Ti-O-Fe asymmetrical stretching vibration at wavenumber 668 cm-1 and 1033cm-1, respectively. Fe-O stretching vibration confirms substitution doping. The crystallite size was calculated using the Debye Scherer equation; 2% F-T NPs had the largest crystallite size at 16.45 nm, and 7% F-T NPs had the least size at 10.95 nm, a decrease of 2.80 nm from the 0% F-T NPs. X-ray diffraction spectra showed a merging of peaks at planes 105 and 211. The peak at plane 204 is found to diminish, and the growth of another peak at 2θ (64.28°). Optical analysis was studied using UV-Vis, where the Tauc plot estimated the calculated band gap (Eg). It was the least at 7% F-T NPs with a value of 4.41 eV, and 5% F-T NPs were found to have the highest value of 4.86 eV.% Transmittance is directly proportional to the optical band gap. Scanning Electron Microscope showed improved agglomeration and aggregation with a dense and smooth particle. Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy confirmed the presence of Fe, Ti, and O in the F-T NPs.
},
year = {2024}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Structural and Optical Properties of Fe Doped Tio2 Nanoparticles: Investigation of Effects of Different Doping Concentration AU - Simon Waweru Gakuru AU - Sharon Kiprotich AU - Peter Waithaka Y1 - 2024/05/30 PY - 2024 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20241302.11 DO - 10.11648/j.am.20241302.11 T2 - Advances in Materials JF - Advances in Materials JO - Advances in Materials SP - 20 EP - 30 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2327-252X UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20241302.11 AB - Fe-doped TiO2 nanoparticles (F-T NPs) were synthesized using the sol-gel method where different molar concentrations (0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 10%) of Iron (iii) nitrate were added to a constant amount of the metal precursor TetraisopropylOrthotitanate (TTIP) solution, the solvent precursor ethanol and refluxing agent diethanolamine at the ratios of 1:6:1 respectively. The gel formed was annealed at 500°C in a muffle furnace for 2h. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) showed Fe-O symmetrical stretching vibration for the 5% doping and above and Ti-O-Fe asymmetrical stretching vibration at wavenumber 668 cm-1 and 1033cm-1, respectively. Fe-O stretching vibration confirms substitution doping. The crystallite size was calculated using the Debye Scherer equation; 2% F-T NPs had the largest crystallite size at 16.45 nm, and 7% F-T NPs had the least size at 10.95 nm, a decrease of 2.80 nm from the 0% F-T NPs. X-ray diffraction spectra showed a merging of peaks at planes 105 and 211. The peak at plane 204 is found to diminish, and the growth of another peak at 2θ (64.28°). Optical analysis was studied using UV-Vis, where the Tauc plot estimated the calculated band gap (Eg). It was the least at 7% F-T NPs with a value of 4.41 eV, and 5% F-T NPs were found to have the highest value of 4.86 eV.% Transmittance is directly proportional to the optical band gap. Scanning Electron Microscope showed improved agglomeration and aggregation with a dense and smooth particle. Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy confirmed the presence of Fe, Ti, and O in the F-T NPs. VL - 13 IS - 2 ER -
Department of Physical and Biological Sciences, Murang’a University of Technology, Murang’a, Kenya
Department of Physical and Biological Sciences, Murang’a University of Technology, Murang’a, Kenya
Department of Physical and Biological Sciences, Murang’a University of Technology, Murang’a, Kenya
